summer's+animal+report+writing

My Top Ten Animals 1.) Siberian Tiger 2.) Cheetah 3.) Penguin 4.) Harbor Seal 5.) snow leopard 6.) arctic fox 7.) bottle nose dolphin 8.) killer whale 10.) Bangle tiger
 * Life Cycle || Growth || Body Functions || Birth || Habitat || Adaptation || Problems || Diet || Predators || Family ||
 * ||  || Wolves are built for stamina, possessing features ideal for long-distance travel. || moms give birth to live pups. || different types of wolves usually live in different habitats. || Wolves are social animals, living in a family group, or pack. ||   || Grey wolves are carnivores. ||   || ancestors of dogs. ||
 * ||  || Grey wolves have narrow chests and powerful backs. || At birth, wolf pups tend to have darker fur and blue eyes that will change to a yellow-gold or orange color when the pups are 8–16 weeks old. || the habitats are usually temperate forests, mountains, tundra, taiga, and grasslands. || A pack usually has six to ten wolves. ||   || Timber wolves are carnivores feeding on other animals. ||   || They also known as **Timber Wolf** ||
 * ||  || their legs contribute to their proficiency for efficient locomotion. || Mating occurs between January and April || They are mostly found in North America, Eurasia, and the Middle East. || wolf pack's territory may cover 20-120 square miles, about one tenth the size of an average Wisconsin county. ||   || When about six weeks old, the pups are weaned and the adults begin to bring them meat. ||   || Gray Wolves are also known as Timber Wolf shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) ||
 * ||  || wolves paws adapted to their climate and habitat. || The pups, at a weight of 0.5 kg (1 lb), are born blind, deaf, and completely dependent on their mother. || The den is usually on high ground near an open water source, and has an open "room" at the end of an underground or hillside tunnel that can be up to a few meters long. || Their height varies from 0.6 to 0.9 meters at the shoulder and they weigh from 25 to 65 kg. ||   || Their diet ranges from big game, such as elk and moose, to earthworms, berries and grasshoppers. ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   || Wolves are also bred for their fur. ||   || In summer, when the herds migrate, wolves eat mice, birds and even fish. They may also eat carrion. ||   ||   ||
 * ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || Wolves can eat every 5-6 hours when there is plenty of food available, or they can fast and live on scraps for 2 weeks when there is less food around. ||   ||   ||
 * 9.) gray wolf**

Grey Wolf facts

1.)Grey wolves are carnivores 2.)Grey wolves are predators 3.)Grey wolves are the ancestors of dogs 6.)the countries are usually North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East 10.)Grey wolves front paws are bigger than the hind ones also known as **Timber Wolf** shares a common ancestry with the [|domestic dog] (//Canis lupus familiaris//),[|they were found in North America], [|Eurasia], and the [|Middle East]. 11.))They are mostly found in North America, Eurasia, and the Middle East.
 * different types of wolves usually live in different habitats
 * the habitats are usually temperate forests, mountains, tundra, taiga, and grasslands
 * Grey Wolves have narrow chests and powerful backs
 * their legs contribute to their proficiency for efficient locomotion
 * wolves paws adapted to their climate and habitat.

12.)Wolves are built for stamina, possessing features ideal for long-distance travel.

13.)Bristled hairs and blunt claws enhance grip on slippery surfaces, and special blood vessels keep paw pads from freezing.

14.)At birth, wolf pups tend to have darker fur and blue eyes that will change to a yellow-gold or orange color when the pups are 8–16 weeks old.

15.)They are mostly found in North America, Eurasia, and the Middle East.

16.)Bristled hairs and blunt claws enhance grip on slippery surfaces, and special blood vessels keep paw pads from freezing.

17.)At birth, wolf pups tend to have darker fur and blue eyes that will change to a yellow-gold or orange color when the pups are 8–16 weeks old.

18.)Grey wolves are carnivores

19.)Grey wolves are predators

20.)Grey wolves are the ancestors of dogs

21.) different types of wolves usually live in different habitats

22.) the habitats are usually temperate forests, mountains, tundra, taiga, and grasslands.

23.)The countries are usually North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East

24.) Grey Wolves have narrow chests and powerful backs

25.) their legs contribute to their proficiency for efficient locomotion

26.) Grey wolves paws can adapt to different climates and habitats

27.)Grey wolves front paws are bigger than the hind ones

28.)Gray Wolves can be known as Canis lupus

29.)they were found in North America, Eurasia, and the Middle East.

30.)Grey wolves are carnivores

31.)Grey wolves are predators

32.)Grey wolves are the ancestors of dogs

33.) different types of wolves usually live in different habitats

34.) the habitats are usually temperate forests, mountains, tundra, taiga, and grasslands

35.)the countries are usually North America, Europe, Asia and the Middle East

36.) Grey Wolves have narrow chests and powerful backs

37.) their legs contribute to their proficiency for efficient locomotion

38.) Grey wolves paws can adapt to different climates and habitats

39.)Grey wolves front paws are bigger than the hind ones

40.)Gray Wolves are also known as Timber Wolf shares a common ancestry with the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

41.)Mating occurs between January and April

42.)A pack usually produces a single litter, unless the alpha male mates with one or more subordinate females.

43.)The gestation period lasts 60–63 days.

44.)The pups, at a weight of 0.5 kg (1 lb), are born blind, deaf, and completely dependent on their mother.

45.)There are 1 to 14 pups per litter; the average litter size is about 4 to 6.

46.)Pups reside in the den, where they are born deaf with their eyes closed, and stay there until they reach about three weeks of age.

47.)The den is usually on high ground near an open water source, and has an open "room" at the end of an underground or hillside tunnel that can be up to a few meters long.

48.)During the time that the pups are in the process of growing, they will become more independent, and will eventually begin to explore the area immediately outside the den before gradually roaming up to a mile away from it at around 5 weeks of age.

49.)

50.)The fighting over eating privileges results in a secondary ranking being formed among them, which allows them to practice the dominance/submission rituals essential to their later survival within packs.

51.) They depend on their mother's milk for the first month, then they are gradually weaned and fed regurgitated meat brought by other pack members.

52.) By 7 to 8 months of age, when they are almost fully grown, the pups begin traveling with the adults.

53.)Often, after 1 or 2 years of age, a young wolf leaves and tries to find a mate and form its own pack.

54.)Lone dispersing wolves have traveled as far as 500 miles in search of a new home.

55.)Often, after 1 or 2 years of age, a young wolf leaves and tries to find a mate and form its own pack.

56.)Lone dispersing wolves have there depend on their mother's milk for the first monthThey depend on their mother's milk for the first month

57.) Packs use a traditional area and defend it from strange wolves.

58.) Their ability to travel over large areas to seek out vulnerable prey makes wolves good hunters.

59.) Wolves may travel as far as 30 miles in a day.

60.)Although they usually trot along at 5 m.p.h., wolves can attain speeds as high as 45 m.p.h for short distances.

61.)Indirectly, wolves support a wide variety of other animals.

62.)n some areas, bald eagles routinely feed on the carcasses of animals killed by wolves during the winter.

63.)Wolves also help regulate the balance between these ungulates (hoofed animals) and their food supply, making room for smaller plant-eaters such as beaver and small rodents.

64.)Today about 2,200 wolves live in the wild in Minnesota, fewer than twenty on Lake Superior's Isle Royale, about 120 in Michigan's Upper Peninsula,

65.)An occasional wolf is seen in Washington State, North Dakota, or South Dakota.

66.)Wolves are social animals, living in a family group, or pack.

67.)A pack usually has six to ten animals: a dominant ("Alpha") male and female (the breeding pair), pups from the previous year (yearlings) and the current year's pups.

68.)Additional subordinate adults may join the pack upon occasion.

69.)he dominant pair is in charge of the pack, raising the young, selecting denning and rendezvous sites, capturing food and maintaining the territory.

70.)wolf pack's territory may cover 20-120 square miles, about one tenth the size of an average Wisconsin county.

71.)Thus, wolves require a lot of space in which to live, a fact that often invites conflict with humans.

72.)While neighboring wolf packs might share a common border, their territories seldom overlap by more than a mile.

73.)A wolf that trespasses in another pack's territory risks being killed by that pack.

74.)It knows where its territory ends and another begins by smelling scent messages - urine and feces - left by other wolves.

75.)n addition, wolves announce their territory by howling. Howling also helps identify and reunite individuals that are scattered over their large territory.

76.)Dispersers usually leave the pack in autumn or winter, during hunting and trapping season.

77.)Dispersers usually leave the pack in autumn or winter, during hunting and trapping season.

78.)In ten months, one Minnesota wolf traveled 550 miles to Saskatchewan, Canada.

79.)A female wolf pup trapped in the eastern part of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, died from a vehicle collision near Johnson Creek in Jefferson County, Wisconsin in March 2001, about 300 miles from her home territory.

80.)Dispersers must be alert to entering other wolf packs' territories, and they must keep a constant vigil to avoid encounters with people, their major enemy.

81.)Nobody knows why some wolves disperse and others don't.

82.)Even siblings behave differently, as in the case of Carol and Big Al, radio-collared yearling sisters in one Wisconsin pack.

83.)Carol left the pack one December, returned in February, then dispersed 40 miles away.

84.) Big Al remained with the pack and probably became the pack's dominant female when her mother was illegally shot.

85.)Timber wolves are carnivores feeding on other animals.

86.) A study in the early 1980's showed that the diet of Wisconsin wolves was comprised of 55% white-tailed deer, 16% beavers, 10% snowshoe hares and 19% mice, squirrels, muskrats and other small mammals.

87.)Deer comprise over 80% of the diet much of the year, but beaver become important in spring and fall.

88.) Beavers spend a lot of time on shore in the fall and spring, cutting trees for their food supply.

89.)Since beavers are easy to catch on land, wolves eat more of them in the fall and spring than during the rest of the year.

90.) In the winter, when beavers are in their lodges or moving safely beneath the ice, wolves rely on deer and hares. Wolves' summer diet is more diverse, including a greater variety of small mammals.

91.)When about six weeks old, the pups are weaned and the adults begin to bring them meat.

92.)Adults eat the meat at a kill site often miles away from the pups, then return and regurgitate the food for the pups to eat.

93.)The hungry pups jump and nip at the adults' muzzles to stimulate regurgitation.

94.)Before Europeans settled North America, gray wolves inhabited areas from the southern swamps to the northern tundra, from coast to coast.

95.)They existed wherever there was an adequate food supply.

96.) However, people overharvested wolf prey species (e.g., elk, bison and deer), transformed wolf habitat into farms and towns and persistently killed wolves.

97.)As the continent was settled, wolves declined in numbers and became more restricted in range. Today, the majority of wolves in North America live in remote regions of Canada and Alaska.

98.) In the lower 48 states, wolves exist in forests and mountainous regions in Minnesota, Michigan, Wisconsin, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Washington, Arizona, New Mexico, North Dakota, and possibly in Oregon, Utah and South Dakota.

99.)Canine parvovirus, a lethal canine disease, caused high losses in Wisconsin wolves in the mid 1980s.

100.)In the early 1990s, mange has caused the loss of several wolves, but appears to be declining. In 1989 the WDNR developed a wolf recovery plan for the state, and developed a recovery goal for the state at 80 wolves.

101.) In 1999 the WDNR established a new management plan for the state that set a long term goal for the state of 350 wolves outside of Indian reservations.

102.)The gray wolf is listed as a threatened species in Wisconsin by the U.S.

103.) Fish and Wildlife Service (Exit DNR) (2003), but relisted as endangered in 2005. Wolves were removed from the state list of endangered and threatened species in 2004, and listed as Protected Wild Animals.

104.) Fines and a possible prison sentence await anyone convicted of killing a wolf.

105.)About 425 to 455 wolves existed in Wisconsin in late winter 2005.

106.)It is a common misconception that wolves are blood-thirsty killers.

107.) In fact, there has never been a documented case of a healthy wolf making an unprovoked attack on a human.

108.) Then main reason wolves were killed because humans killed all of their natural prey and used the land for grazing.

109.)Since the wolf no longer had any natural prey, they were forced to start killing cows and other livestock for their survival.

110.)It is known that the people once put in charge of exterminating the wolf are now charged with their preservation and reintroduction of the wolf to the lower 48 states.

111.)Wolves have narrow chests, powerful backs and legs contributing to their proficiency for efficient locomotion.

112.) Their paws adapt easily to any terrain, especially snow.

113.) The front paws are large than hind ones and have a fifth digit.

114.)Their height varies from 0.6 to 0.9 meters at the shoulder and they weigh from 25 to 65 kg.

115.)However, a wolf sometimes seems more massive that it really is due to its bulky coat which is made of two layers.

116.) Moreover, it has distinct winter and summer pelages that alternate in spring and autumn. Coloration varies from grey to grey-brown, all the way through the canine spectrum of white, red, brown, and black.

117.)Sometimes, all the population is one-coloured, mostly white or black.

118.)The pack is strongly hierarchically organized.

119.)It cooperatively hunts any large herbivores in their range, whereas lone wolves are limited to consuming smaller animals due to their relative inability to catch anything larger.

120.)Second only to humans in adapting to climate extremes, gray wolves once ranged from coast to coast and from Alaska to Mexico in North America.

121.)They were absent from the East and the Southeast, which were occupied by red wolves (Canis rufus), and from the large deserts in the southwestern States.

122.) By the early 20th century, government-sponsored predator control programs and declines in prey brought gray wolves to near extinction in the lower 48 States.

123.)Wolf groups, or packs, typically include a breeding pair (the alpha pair), their offspring, and other non-breeding adults.

124.)Wolves are capable of mating by age two or three and sometimes form a lifelong bond. Wolves can live 13 years and reproduce past 10 years of age.

125.) On the average five pups are born in early spring and are cared for by the entire pack. For the first six weeks, pups are reared in dens.

126.)Dens are often used year after year, but wolves may also dig new dens or use some other type of shelter, such as a cave.

127.)Pups depend on their mother’s milk for the first month, then are gradually weaned and fed regurgitated meat brought by pack members.

128.)Their territories range in size from 50 square miles to more than 1,000 square miles, depending on available prey and seasonal prey movements. Wolves travel over large areas to hunt, as far as 30 miles in a day.

129.)Wolf recovery efforts have restored a top predator to its ecosystem, and improved our understanding of the complex interactions among species in their natural environments.

130.) Pack size is highly variable because of birth of pups, dispersal, and mortality. Generally, a gray wolf pack has from six to eight wolves, but in Alaska and northwestern Canada some packs have over 30 members.

131.) The gestation period of gray and red wolves is usually around 63 days.

132.)The size of a wolf's track is dependent on the age and size of the wolf, as well as the substrate the track was made in. A good size estimate for a gray wolf's track size is 4 1/2 inches long by 3 1/2 inches wide.

133.)In comparison, a coyote's track will be closer to 2 1/2 inches long by 1 1/2 inches wide. Only a few breeds of dogs leave tracks longer than 4 inches (Great Danes, St. Bernards, and some bloodhounds).

134.)Gray wolves prey primarily on large, hoofed mammals such as white-tailed deer, mule deer, moose, elk, caribou, bison, Dall sheep, musk oxen, and mountain goat.

135.)Medium sized mammals, such as beaver and snowshoe hare, can be an important secondary food source. Occasional wolves will prey on birds or small mammals.

136.)Gray wolves can survive on about 2 1/2 pounds of food per wolf per day, but they require about 5 pounds per wolf per day to reproduce successfully. The most a gray wolf can eat in one sitting is about 22.5 pounds.

137.) One or two adults stay behind to ensure the safety of the pups.

138.) The Gray Wolf is also known as **Timber Wolf**

139.)The smallest wolves come from the [|Arabian Wolf] subspecies

140.)At birth, wolf pups tend to have darker fur and blue eyes that will change to a yellow-gold or [|orange] color when the pups are 8–16 weeks old.

141.) Opponents in prospective areas echo these same concerns.

142.)Gray Wolves give birth to live Babies.

143.)Wolf [|paws] are able to tread easily on a wide variety of terrains, especially snow

144.) Wolf trapping has come under heavy fire

145.)their diet is: Plants, Large mammals, Small animals,& Garbage

146.) their behavior is : cannibalism,& hunting

147.) they kill their prey by the following: Locating & encountering prey, Stalking, Rushing & chasing, & Attacking & killing

148.)it was once believed there were up to 50 subspecies of wolves

149.)wolves seem to avoid taking livestock if there is enough wild prey

150.)1,200 sheep and cattle have been killed by wolves

151.)Grey Wolves are being hunted and trapped for their fur

152.)Wolves are also bred for their fur

153.)wolves are sensitive to fluctuations in the abundance of prey

154.)the Gray Wolf is usually hostile toward the big cats

155.)gray wolves continue to be hunted in many areas of the world for their livestock killing

156.)the loss of rank in the pack can happen gradually or suddenly

157.)wolves became nearly extinct

158.) they usually live within a specific territory

159.) today only 2,200 gray wolves live in the wild in Minnesota

160.) Gray wolves are listed under the Endangered Species because of the poaching