M+and+M's+Animal+Report+page


 * Research 75 facts with sources:**

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FACTS__[] __ ** 
 * 1) They are normally colored for the species (tawny or spotted) ,or two white panthers.
 * 1) 
 * 2) melanism is most common in the jaguar

12. black leopards often fade to a rusty color but black jaguars fade to chocolate brown. [|http://blackpantheranimal.com/black-panther-cubs.php]  13.A black panther cub is usually born in the same litter along with other light-colored leopard cubs** 14. Typically, a leopard litter consists of two to three cubs but, sometimes, up to six. 15. Black panther cubs are born with their eyes closed and are covered with faintly spotted smoky gray fur 16. The mother leopard has to stay at the den all the time during the first few days after the birth to rest and nurse the newborn **baby panthers**. 17. Meanwhile cubs spend most of their time sleeping and nursing on their mother’s rich milk. 18. About ten days after their birth, the cubs open their glazed eyes and get their first glimpse of the world.19. the mother leopard have to leave her cubs unattended as she travels far from the birth den to find food for her family.20. Two to three weeks after birth, **baby panthers **are able to move around the den. 21. Mother and cubs often greet each other by rubbing faces or bodies. 22. When the cubs get a little older, they playfully tumble and fight whenever they get a chance. 23. If their mother is at home, the cubs may be allowed to stray away from home to nearby fields 24. They spend most of their time hiding out nearby, crouching motionless, camouflaged amongst the bushes, trees 25. If the mother has to leave home to hunt for food, the **little panther **cubs are not allowed to venture out of the den, no matter how hungry they are. 26. **Black panther cubs **can follow their mother on hunting trips when they are just about two to three months old. 27. They begin to eat meat then.28. Already they are starting to pick up hunting skills they need the most in the wildlife from their mothers.29. They learn how to hide and avoid from enemies and how to stalk and catch small prey such as grasshoppers and lizards and, later, mice, rats, and so forth. 30. To protect themselves from predators, black panther cubs develop excellent tree-climbing skills at an early age.31. The mother has to keep an eye on them all the time during this period of time.32. The learning process is not always smooth, though.33. The desperate prey often fights back fiercely.34. Larger prey, such as wild pigs or baboons, may prove too much for a young cub to handle.35.If the mother is absent or does not have enough time to come to rescue, the cubs may get hurt or even killed36. Lions and hyenas are biggest threat to **black panther cubs 37. ** Disease and fever are also among main causes of death of cubs. 38. In each litter, fewer than 50 per cent of the cubs live up to a year. 39. By the time they reach the age of one, young black panthers gradually achieve greater and greater independence.40. Young male black panthers usually become independent earlier.41. Start around 18 months old, they settle elsewhere and create their own territories or **home ranges**. 42. Young female black panthers often extend the mother-daughter relationship by taking over part of their mother’s home range or settling near it. 43. Almost all **young black panthers **become fully independent by the age of two when their mother is ready to give birth to a new litter. 44. Typically, female leopards reach sexual maturity around two years of age.45. They usually give birth to their first litter when they are about two-and-a-half years old. 46. Males are capable of **mating **at about two years old. 47. Because of competition from older and stronger males, however, young males usually have to wait for their chance to mate until three to four years of age.48. Adult leopards live alone for most of time.49. Male and female leopards get together only to mate; they avoid each other as much as possible outside **mating season**. 50. Mating pairs seldom stay together for more than a few days. 51. When a female leopard is ready for mating, she makes sawing noises to attract a male partner.52. She also leaves scent marking for males to follow. 53. Fights can happen between males during the **mating season**. 54. As soon as mating is over, the male cat goes his own way. 55. The male will take no part in raising the cubs.56.Mating can take place at any time of the year.57. The **gestation period **is about 90 to 105 days. 58. The mother leopard finds a secure birth den in a cave, thicket, rock pile, or hollow tree before delivery. 59.  **Black Panther Life Span Black panthers **have an average** life span **of about 12 years in the wild and 20 years in captivity. Female black panthers usually live longer.  **Black panthers **are certainly not the biggest animals in wild, but with well-built athletic body, powerful legs and jaws as well as superior hunting skills, they can win fights over all but a few stronger animals, such as lions, tigers, crocodiles, and pythons, in the wild.60. Black panthers may fight to the death for their home ranges or for mating partners. 61. Other causes of death among black panthers include bacterial infections, rabies, and congenital heart defects. 62. The biggest threat to black panthers comes from human beings. 63. The expansion of livestock ranching, residential and commercial land development poses a major threat for black panthers because it causes the loss or deterioration of habitat for them as well as for other wild animals.64. **Endangered Black Panther**Although **black panthers **can adapt well to different environments and habitats, they are in danger.65. Their population is shrinking along with their habitats.66. Human beings are the biggest threat to the survival of black panthers.67. The environmental changes, which cause the loss and deterioration of natural habitats for black panthers, are also a big threat to black panthers.68. Black panthers, like all members of the big cat family, have no greater enemy in nature than human beings. 69. Hunters have killed them for adventure and for their beautiful and precious furs.71. Habitat loss and deterioration is threatening the survival of black panthers.72. Environmental contamination such as mercury and other chemicals is also a cause of death of wild animals including black panthers.73. **Black Panther Behavior | Habits Black panthers **have unique** behaviors **or habits which are different from those of other big cats or pet cats. 74. As members of the big cat family, black panthers can roar while other small cats, such as house cats, bobcats, lynx, and cougars, purr but cannot roar.75. Black panthers are elusive animals. 76. People rarely see them in the wild, even though their existence has been confirmed across vast areas of South and Southeast Asia, Central and South America and some parts of Africa. 77. Because the black panther is so stealthy, it has been called “the ghost of the forest.” 78. The black panther is also solitary. Other than a female and her cubs, or mating pairs in the breeding season, these animals seldom stay together.
 * 1) melanistic and non-melanistic animals can be litter mates.
 * 2) They are more common in regions of dense where light levels are lower.
 * 3) There skin color is a mixture of blue, black, gray and purple and rosettes.
 * 4) Melanistic leopards are the most common form of black panther in captivity and they have been selectively bred for decades in the zoo and exotic pet trades
 * 5) Black leopards are smaller and more lightly built than normally-pigmented individuals.
 * 6) captive black leopards are less fertile than normal leopards, with average litter sizes of 1.8 and 2.1, respectively.
 * 7) Consequently, black jaguars can produce black or spotted cubs, but a pair of spotted jaguars will only produce spotted cubs
 * 8) spotted leopards can produce black cubs if both parents carry the recessive allele
 * 9) affirm that it is larger and much more dangerous than the spotted jaguar; that they recognise it by its cry; that it belongs to the terra firma rather than to the water-side; finally, that black pairs with black, and that the cubs are invariably black.

Organization research chart**  || __Black panther cubs are born with their eyes closed and are covered with faintly spotted smoky gray fur__ ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">A **panther** can be about 3 to 5 feet and up to 28 inches. ||  ||   ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">The **black panther’s habitats** include the rainforest, marshland, woodlands, swamps, savannahs, and even mountains and deserts ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Times; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; display: block; text-align: left;"> <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Other than the superior intelligence and **tree-climbing** skills displayed in its hunting activities, a **black panther** has some unique **adaptations** and features to help it achieve its hunting tasks. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;"> Human beings are the biggest threat to the survival of black panthers. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;"> As members of the big cat family, black panthers can roar while other small cats, such as house cats, bobcats, lynx, and cougars, purr but cannot roar. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Black panthers are **carnivores**, or meat eaters. **Black panthers’ food** includes just about anything that moves as long as the prey are not too big or too strong for them to tackle. ||  || puma's eat them ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   || || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;"> __Two to three weeks after birth, **baby panthers** are able to move around the den.__ ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">The average length (**nose** to **tip** of **tail**) of a male is 7 feet ||   ||   ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;"> They are also able to live in human-populated areas more effectively than any other big cats if they have to. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal;">The dark coat color of black panthers certainly **camouflages** them well at night or in dimly lit forest areas. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;"> The environmental changes, which cause the loss and deterioration of natural habitats for black panthers, are also a big threat to black panthers. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Black panthers are elusive animals. People rarely see them in the wild, even though their existence has been confirmed across vast areas of South and Southeast Asia, Central and South America and some parts of Africa ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Medium-sized mammals make up most of their **diet** in the wild. Deer, warthogs, monkeys, antelopes, gazelles, wild goats, etc. - all can be their meal. They also eat birds, reptiles, hyraxes, baboons, frogs, fish, rabbits, rats, etc. They supplement their meaty diet with grass, eggs, and fruit occasionally. ||  || cougar's eat them ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * ||  || ===Physical characteristics=== || **Life Cycle** ||   || **Growth** ||   || **Body Functions** ||   || **Location / Habitat** ||   || **Adaption** ||   || **Problems** ||   || **Behavior** ||   || **Diet** ||   || **Predators / Prey** ||   || **Family groups** ||   || **Relatives** ||   ||   ||
 * ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; line-height: normal;">__# They are normally colored for the species (tawny or spotted)__
 * ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; line-height: normal;">__# There skin color is a mixture of blue, black, gray and purple and rosettes.__
 * ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: '-webkit-sans-serif'; line-height: normal;">__black leopards often fade to a rusty color but black jaguars fade to chocolate brown.__ || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">__They begin to eat meat then.__ ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">They also have bigger heads, shorter and stockier legs, and bigger paws relative to their thick muscular bodies. ||   ||   ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">**Black panthers**, both black leopards and black jaguars, are found mainly in dense**rainforest** areas. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal;">When they stalk their prey, black panthers retract their claws to silence their movements. When they get close enough to their prey and ready to spring, they extend their claws. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Farmers have killed them with poison and traps to protect livestock or people. Hunters have killed them for adventure and for their beautiful and precious furs. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Each of them lives and hunts by itself in an area known as the[|home range]. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Medium-sized mammals make up most of their **diet** in the wild. Deer, warthogs, monkeys, antelopes, gazelles, wild goats, etc. - all can be their meal. They also eat birds, reptiles, hyraxes, baboons, frogs, fish, rabbits, rats, etc. They supplement their meaty diet with grass, eggs, and fruit occasionally. ||   || mountain lions eat them ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">A **panther** can be about 3 to 5 feet and up to 28 inches.

|| <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">__Already they are starting to pick up hunting skills they need the most in the wildlife from their mothers.__ ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">They weigh anywhere from 65 to 200 pounds (29 to 91 kg) and range in length from three to seven feet (0.9 to 2.1 m), not including tails, which are about two to three feet (0.6 to 0.9 m) long.. ||  ||   ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Black panthers can survive only in natural communities which provide good habitat areas for them; however, the black panthers' habitats and natural communities are threatened by human beings and environmental deterioration. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal;">Black panthers have long and sensitive **whiskers**, which can help them feel their way through thick undergrowth in the dark. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;"> The development not only reduces the amount of habitat available to black panthers but also the amount of food available to other wild animals, which, in turn, are essential food sources for black panthers ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Black panthers communicate with one another with signs and vocalizations used mostly for maintaining their home ranges as well as for signaling mating partners. ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">In the case of extreme food shortage, a black panther may feed on human flesh. A wounded or ill black panther may also become a man eater because human beings are not strong enough to protect themselves unless man-made weapons are handy. ||  || panther's eat them ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * ||  || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">It's about 65 to 175 pounds or about 45 kg. || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal;">__Start around 18 months old, they settle elsewhere and create their own territories or **home ranges**.__ ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">The average adult black leopard stands two feet high at the shoulder. A female black leopard is usually about a half to two-thirds the size of its male counterpart. ||   ||   ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">**Black Panthers** have a very big range. Black panthers’ locations are throughout Asia, Africa, and Central and South America. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal;">Black panthers also have a keen sense of smell and exceptional hearing. They can locate prey without seeing them. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">With the growth of human population, people are moving into areas traditionally inhabited by wild animals. This is especially true in South and Southeast Asia where the **black panther** has the largest population. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Like many of the smaller cats and unlike most of the other big cats, black panthers are the strongest climbers of the cat family. ||   || <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 16px; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;"> This sounds scary but, man-eating black panthers are extremely rare. More often, they become the victims of people instead. As a matter of fact, normally healthy black panthers try to avoid people as much as possible. In general, **black panthers** have no problems getting their **food** because they are skillful hunters. ||   || they eat <span style="border-collapse: separate; font-family: Arial; line-height: normal; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;">Deer wild hogs sheep moose rabbits and some birds lives-talk sloth raccoons ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||








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 * Revised Writing**